![]() ![]() As the information produced by these tools is unrecoverable (can’t be retrieved) by the person reading your work, you should use the reference format for a personal communication in Quote, Unquote for these sources. When you use or refer to information created by generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT or Google Bard, you must acknowledge this by citing it correctly. As these references may not be real, you should always check the original source for accuracy before using them. Although they may produce what on the surface appear to be credible references, these tools cannot accurately cite their own sources and any references provided in the output are likely to be false or non-existent. You should always verify any information provided by generative AI tools with credible sources as the information provided by these tools may be incorrect, out-of-date, biased, or lacking in common sense and originality. We recommend that you check this guidance frequently as our advice is likely to change as these tools become more established. Note: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools are changing rapidly. List the sources in order of publication date, oldest first. v.Ĭiting more than one source at one point in the text La Plante, L.īut if the first part is not capitalised, you can treat it as a suffix that goes after the first name, e.g. When capitalised, the first part of the name should always be treated as part of the last name, e.g. Where an author’s family name has two parts, e.g. Where there is no author information available, cite using the title. NHS or NICE) in the citation, you MUST use the same abbreviation in the reference list. Where you use an abbreviated form of an organisation’s name (e.g. If there is no named individual use the name of the organisation, known as the corporate author, e.g. In your Reference list include the family names of all authors. Smith and Jones (2018) argued …įor three or more authors of one work include the first author and the words 'and others' or ‘et al.’ (meaning ‘and others’ in Latin) e.g. For two authors include both family names e.g. Include a page number as above in Quoting.Īll of the above need a citation in the text.įor one author include the author’s family name and date, as above. Using statistics or data from a source - such as financial information or market research.Referring to a source - mentioning the work without giving much information about the content.Summarising - writing a short description of the ideas or opinions in your own words but giving your own interpretation of what the source says.If you are using direct quotations, images, statistics or data you need to include the page number where available.If you do need to make a longer quotation of over 2 lines in length it should be indented in a separate paragraph as a block quote. The majority of quotations should be short and relevant. ![]() Quoting - using the actual words from the source enclosed in quotation marks.Most of your citations will be paraphrases. Paraphrasing - rephrasing the original ideas or opinions in your own words.You may refer to an author’s work by any of the following: If you are writing for another purpose you may want to check any conventions you need to follow. This guide is designed to help you reference for your course at Leeds Beckett University. The reference list should begin on a new page titled “Reference list” (with no quotation marks) at the top of the page.Īs you read for your course, you may see other types of referencing used (numbered styles, etc.). The full details of all the sources used in your text are presented at the end of your piece of work in a reference list alphabetised by family name of the author (or name of organisation). Insert the citation as soon as you refer to a source in the text. In Harvard referencing the citation consists of an author (family name or name of organisation) and year in round brackets, e.g. ![]() The reference contains the full information about the source you used to allow someone else to find the source. The citation is a marker in the text to indicate that the information you refer to has come from somewhere else. It consists of two parts: the citation and the reference. Referencing is how you point to other sources (books, journals, webpages etc.) you have used in writing your work. ![]()
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